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CT Head — Head Injury (children <16)

CT
NICE NG232 (May 2023)v2.0 · March 2026
Varies
ED
All imaging requests must be justified by an IR(ME)R practitioner (radiologist or radiographer)

Required Assessment Tools

REQUIRED
Paediatric GCS

Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale — age-appropriate assessment required; use infant-specific thresholds for children under 1 year

Within 1 hour

Within 1 hour

— ANY of the following

  • GCS <14 on initial assessment (or GCS <15 for infants under 1 year)
  • GCS <15 at 2 hours post-injury
  • Suspected open or depressed skull fracture or tense fontanelle (infants)
  • Any sign of basal skull fracture
  • Post-traumatic seizure
  • Focal neurological deficit
  • For infants under 1 year: bruise, swelling, or laceration >5 cm on the head
  • Suspicion of non-accidental injury

Within 8 hours — LOC or amnesia PLUS ANY

Within 8 hours

Loss of consciousness or amnesia since the injury, PLUS ANY of the following

  • Abnormal drowsiness
  • Three or more discrete vomiting episodes
  • Dangerous mechanism: fall >3 m; high-speed RTA; high-speed object impact to head
  • Amnesia lasting more than 5 minutes

Notes

Warning

Children <16 apply THESE criteria, not adult criteria

Alert

For suspected NAI, CT head is mandatory for ALL children under 1 year even without neurological signs

Information

Radiation sensitivity is 2–3x higher in children — ALARP principle mandatory

Radiation Dose

CT head effective dose ~2 mSv — increased relative risk in children due to greater radiosensitivity

Paediatric

Criteria differ substantially from adults — do not apply adult thresholds

Change Log

v2.02026-03-08New protocol — paediatric head injury criteria separated from adult protocol

Not clinical advice. This protocol is a reference tool only. All imaging justifications remain the clinical and legal responsibility of the authorising practitioner under IR(ME)R 2017 (as amended 2024). Protocol content should be verified against current NICE, RCR, and specialty guidelines before use in practice.

AI-assisted content. Clinical criteria were developed with AI assistance and cross-referenced against cited source guidelines. Verify against original sources. Guidelines referenced are current at the stated version date and may have been updated since.